5.The indisputable fact that there are finite limits to the amount of each natural resource has led to the non sequitur that we are nearing those limits.
6.Similarly, the indisputable fact that there are finite limits to the number of people that the planet can feed has led to the non sequitur that we are nearing those limits.
7.The basic structure of the sentence is " although ... yet." The " although" clause typically gives reasons why the statement or resolution in the " yet" clause is somewhat of a surprise or even a non sequitur.